Global Food Crisis Essay

Food shortage is fast taking global catastrophic proportions. The UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon warns the world that it could trigger off crisis upon crisis if the problem is not acted upon and solved before it is too late. The food crisis did not just happen overnight. Global Warming has had a hand in it. Heavy rains and flooding in the rice fields of Asia greatly affected rice production, enough to cause a shortage. With the decrease in supply and an increase in demand for it, prices rose. Prices of other commodities as well as oil, fertilizer and energy required for food production were similarly affected. Gradual switch of energy sources from fossil fuels to bio fuels even with its concern for the environment is an adverse threat to food production. Faced with a food crisis should be a wake up call for everyone. For the fortunate few with food on their table, they must think of the hungry in the other parts of the world. They must not panic-buy knowing that others may go without a morsel of their horde. Artificial shortages give the sellers reason to jack up prices. The destructive effects of global warming may have been caused by our neglect and is now beyond our control. But an economic crisis that may be one of the domino effects of the food crisis may be avoided by our own doing. Hunger has always been in our midst, maybe not anywhere near the more affluent First World but in the African continent. Africa has wide, but dry barren lands that have not been used much for agriculture. Why suffer the pangs of hunger when the solution is right before us waiting to be tapped? We could develop the soil for agriculture. Science and Technology is a continuous discipline that stops at nothing in search of cures, solutions, means and methods to problems that face us everyday. Fund sourcing must be a global effort. We must all do our share to help feed the world and solve the current crisis. There is nothing we can not do for the world if we have the concern, the will and the action plan. Works Cited Engeler, Eliane. UN to set up Task Force to tackle Global Food Crisis. Bern, Switzerland; The Associated Press, 2008.

Core Mountain Man Brewing Company Bringing the Brand

Core Marketing Mountain Man Brewing Company Bringing the Brand to Light 1. Overview Mountain Man Brewing Company (MMBC, or the Client) is a family-run business in West Virginia that has experienced much growth since launching its flagship premium beer Mountain Man Lager (MMB) in 1925. Over the decades, brand loyalty, quality and brand awareness have been the cornerstones of the Client’s success – the importance of the MMBC brand among consumers has allowed the company to build its small but consistent market share in the East Central region (ECR), particularly in its home state, the only region it distributes in (7. % of the market with more than 50 million USD in revenue). 2. Challenges & Opportunities * Challenges MMBC currently faces a potentially identity-changing challenge: The traditional premium beer market has been declining at a compound annual rate of 4%, and MMB experienced a 2% decrease in revenue last year, the first drop in its entire history; accordingly, MMBC’s target aim is to recover from the 2% decrease in revenue that occurred in the prior year. * OpportunitiesThe light beer market – popular with younger drinkers – has also been growing at a CAGR of 4%. Although MMBC has been historically weak in the 35-years-and-under segment, there is opportunity to generate more sales by releasing a new Mountain Man Light Beer (MML) line to target this younger market. However, there is the risk of negatively impacting their current distribution of MMB through shelf-space cannibalization and higher costs; as well as the risk of alienating their core segment of older, blue-collar drinkers. . Analysis MMBC faces potentially losing more revenue at the current forecasted compound annual decrease rate of 2% – the projected decrease for MMB standalone in year-to-year net revenue from actual 520,000 barrels sold in 2005 (USD 50. 4 m) to 470,039 barrels (approximately USD 45. 6 m) by 2010 totals nearly 10% (see Exhibit 1). According to the key age demographics among beer drinkers, MMB’s customer segmentation is currently as follows: 64% for 45 years and up, and only 17% for 35 years and under.Yet the ECR breakdown for consumption by beer type is the opposite: 50. 4% for light and only 19. 7% for premium. Due to the overwhelming potential in the light beer market, we have prepared projections on growth in revenues and expenses for MMBC should they decide to move forward with brewing Mountain Man Light (see Exhibit 2A, 2B). * Making Mountain Man Lighter (and More Profitable) Considerations have been made regarding MMB remaining as a stand-alone product (again, see Exhibit 1).However, per the Client’s instructions, this report will focus on projected performance examining MMBC’s entry into the light beer market at their expected MMB reduction rate of 20%. According to our analysis, MML would still result in a significant increase in revenue within two years: With the new product mix , net income margin increases from an insignificant 0. 88% in MML’s first year to a robust 3. 7% by its second year (2007), even with considerations on the additional expenses that would go into launching a new product – manufacturing, advertising, general operating (see Exhibit 2A). Additionally, the projected MMB+MML sales volume after only two years would nearly match MMBC’s current volume level – 500,895 barrels to 520,000 – and would eventually overtake the 2005 figure in 2008; while standalone figures show a continuous decrease from the 2005 benchmark and eventually fall behind MML sales by 2011 (Exhibit 3). * Issues to Consider The forecast for MMB +MML sales are promising.However, JAFREM must note significant issues to consider with the presented data: 1) Due to limited sales volume for the first six years, impact on COGS has not been taken into consideration; should the current production capacity levels be exceeded, additional inputs rega rding CAPEX (for example, for new plants) will be necessary. 2) With the forecasted MML growth rate, the Client’s market share in the ERC amounts to 1. 5% after five years; MMB has not achieved this level after more than 50 years in the business and so considerations on the MMB reduction rate have also been provided (Exhibit 2B). 4. RecommendationsLight beer is an attractive proposition for MMBC, especially with the decrease in the premium beer segment. Accordingly, ignoring the dynamic growth in the light segment is simply too much of an opportunity to let pass. In order to reduce the risks that come with launching MML (alienating core customers, promoting a failed product), we recommends the following measures: * To avoid losing brand equity at the consumer level for MMB, pilot the MML launch outside West Virginia, as this is MMBC’s strongest and most loyal market; should the testing prove successful, then consideration can be made on moving into West Virginia. Shoul d the MML growth forecast not be realized after two years, return focus to MMB distribution at a national level; while advertising and sales at the grass roots level has been good for MMBC, there has been no attempt to reach a larger marketing through the traditional channel of television media. * Despite the expected decrease in the premium beer market, MMB still has potential to capture more market share by expanding its advertising activities and consumer base outside the ERC. Exhibit 1 – Lager Standalone Projections MMB Standalone (next five years)Â  | | 2005| 2006| 2007| 2008| 2009| 2010| Barrels| 520,000| 509,600| 499,408| 489,420| 479,631| 470,039| Price per Barrel| $97. 00| $97. 00| $97. 00| $97. 00| $97. 00| $97. 00| Net Revenue| 50,440,000| 49,431,200| 48,442,576| 47,473,724| 46,524,250| 45,593,765| COGS| 34,803,600| 34,107,528| 33,425,377| 32,756,870| 32,101,732| 31,459,698| Gross Margin| 15,636,400| 15,323,672| 15,017,199| 14,716,855| 14,422,517| 14,134,067| SG&A | 9,583,600| 9,583,600| 9,583,600| 9,583,600| 9,583,600| 9,583,600| Other Op. Exp. 1,412,320| 1,412,320| 1,412,320| 1,412,320| 1,412,320| 1,412,320| Operating Margin| 4,640,480| 4,327,752| 4,021,279| 3,720,935| 3,426,597| 3,138,147| Other Income| 151,320| 151,320| 151,320| 151,320| 151,320| 151,320| Net Income before Tax| 4,791,800| 4,479,072| 4,172,599| 3,872,255| 3,577,917| 3,289,467| Prov. Income Tax| 1,677,130| 1,567,675| 1,460,409| 1,355,289| 1,252,271| 1,151,314| Net Income After Tax| 3,114,670| 2,911,397| 2,712,189| 2,516,965| 2,325,646| 2,138,154| Net Present Value| 3,114,670| 2,599,461| 2,162,141| 1,791,526| 1,477,990| 1,213,246|Exhibit 2A – MMB + MML Projections | 2005| 2006| 2007| 2008| 2009| 2010| 2011| MML Barrels| 0| 48Â  735| 101Â  369| 158Â  136| 219Â  282| 285Â  066| 355Â  763| MMB Barrels| 520Â  000| 407Â  680| 399Â  526| 391Â  536| 383Â  705| 376Â  031| 368Â  510| Growth%| Â  | -12%| 10%| 10%| 10%| 10%| 10%| Price per Barrel| $97| $97| $97| $9 7| $97| $97| $97| Net Revenue| 50Â  440Â  000| 44Â  272Â  273| 48Â  586Â  872| 53Â  318Â  166| 58Â  489Â  738| 64Â  126Â  451| 70Â  254Â  508| COGS| 34Â  803Â  600| 30Â  776Â  437| 34Â  000Â  363| 37Â  531Â  192| 41Â  386Â  351| 45Â  584Â  213| 50Â  144Â  138| COGS/Revenue| 69. 00%| 69. 52%| 69. 98%| 70. 39%| 70. 6%| 71. 08%| 71. 37%| Gross Margin| 15Â  636Â  400| 13Â  495Â  837| 14Â  586Â  509| 15Â  786Â  974| 17Â  103Â  387| 18Â  542Â  239| 20Â  110Â  370| SG&A| 9Â  583Â  600| 11Â  233Â  600| 10Â  483Â  600| 10Â  483Â  600| 10Â  483Â  600| 10Â  483Â  600| 10Â  483Â  600| Other Op. Expenses2| 1Â  412Â  320| 1Â  412Â  320| 1Â  412Â  320| 1Â  412Â  320| 1Â  412Â  320| 1Â  412Â  320| 1Â  412Â  320| MML, Extra Ad Expenses| 0| 400Â  000| 400Â  000| 400Â  000| 400Â  000| 400Â  000| 400Â  000| Op. Expenses| 10Â  995Â  920| 13Â  045Â  920| 12Â  295Â  920| 12Â  295Â  920| 12Â  295Â  920| 12Â  295Â  920| 12Â  295Â  920| %| Â  | 18. 64%| -5. 75%| 0. 00%| 0. 00%| 0. 00%| 0. 00%| Op.Profit| 4Â  640Â  480| 449Â  917| 2Â  290Â  589| 3Â  491Â  054| 4Â  807Â  467| 6Â  246Â  319| 7Â  814Â  450| Op. Margin| Â  | -90. 30%| 409. 11%| 52. 41%| 37. 71%| 29. 93%| 25. 10%| Other Income| 151Â  320| 151Â  320| 151Â  320| 151Â  320| 151Â  320| 151Â  320| 151Â  320| Net Income before Tax| 4Â  791Â  800| 601Â  237| 2Â  441Â  909| 3Â  642Â  374| 4Â  958Â  787| 6Â  397Â  639| 7Â  965Â  770| Prov. Income Tax| 1Â  677Â  130| 210Â  433| 854Â  668| 1Â  274Â  831| 1Â  735Â  575| 2Â  239Â  173| 2Â  788Â  019| Net Income After Tax| 3Â  114Â  670| 390Â  804| 1Â  587Â  241| 2Â  367Â  543| 3Â  223Â  212| 4Â  158Â  465| 5Â  177Â  750| Net Income Margin| 6. 18%| 0. 88%| 3. 27%| 4. 44%| 5. 51%| 6. 48%| 7. 7%| NPV| 3Â  114Â  670| 348Â  932| 1Â  265Â  339| 1Â  685Â  170| 2Â  048Â  409| 2Â  359Â  625| 2Â  623Â  209| Exhibit 2B – Inputs & S tress Test Results Inputs| | Stress scenario| MMB, Avg. Market Share Growth| 0. 25%| | Year| MML, Avg. Market Share Growth| Reduction Rate| MMB, Var. Cost per Barrel| 66. 93| | 2006| 0. 04%| 30. 19%| MML, Var. Cost per Barrel| 4. 69| | 2010| 0. 28%| 17. 28%| Reduction Rate| 20%| | 2011| 0. 23%| 21. 80%| Discount Rate| 12%| | | | | MMB, Growth Rate| -2%| | | | | Price per Barrel | $97| | | | | MMB, Extra Ad Expenses| $0| | | | | MML Growth Rate| 2%| | | | | MML, SG&A in 2006| $900,000| | | | |MML, SG&A Extra Launch| $750,000| | | | | Exhibit 3 – MMB (stand alone) vs. MMB + MML ——————————————– [ 1 ]. Forecast prepared according to the 2% compound annual decrease rate provided by the Client [ 2 ]. SG&A and Other Operating Expenses are quantity independent in the consider range of production. [ 3 ]. The Stress Scenarios included in this Exhibit denote the maximum reduction rat e possible in order to achieve the target market growth desired by the Client should they move ahead with MML; in order to remain profitable, these are the reduction rate ceilings.

Crito Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Crito Questions - Essay Example He also feel that it would be a shameful thing for Socrates to be publicly executed because he is no criminal. His other premise is that it is Socrates right to escape, in fact his duty since he has clearly been unjustly accused and imprisoned. Ans 2)Socrates had been imprisoned by the very people whom he was trying to help and educate. Although Socrates never believed that he was wise(one of his most famous quotes reflects this modesty) he had a method of cross questioning which became very famous because it destroyed the arguments that men gave in response to the questions he put to them. Although Socrates became very popular amongst a very powerful segment of Athenian society his tendency to question every thing including Athenian democracy won him the displeasure of many at the helm. According to an article written by Megan Worley three figures were specifically important in bringing the charges against Socrates, these were Anytus, Meletus, and Lycon. Ans 3) Winston Churchill was head of state for Great Britain at a very painful time in Europe’s history and he had to make a series of tough decisions. He is known for his inspirational leadership, and courageous decision making. I am of the opinion that both these men valued truth, dignity, awareness and justice, however Winston Churchill’s position as leader puts him in a decision where perhaps safety and victory for Britain is more important than truth and dignity. Although Socrates has developed a powerful following in Athens he does not have any nor does he apparently seek any political power. He does not feel responsible for leading Athens and this in a way leaves him free to make what he believes to be the morally right decision something that perhaps Winston Churchill did not have. Logos-‘Then, my friend, we must not regard what the many say of us: but what he, the one man who has

Rhapsody in blue George Gershwin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Rhapsody in blue George Gershwin - Essay Example Rhapsody in blue is a musical composition in 1924 by George Gershwin and combines both the elements of jazz music and classical music influenced by the sound effects. It is a famous work of art that has received its premiere at an experimental modern music concert in 1924. Gershwin gets recognition as a committed and talented composer ever existed making his work the most famous of all time American concert works (Schwarz and Charles, 23).George’s composition portrays a classic talent in that a young composer goes beyond the level of people of his type can achieve. He brings out the art of creativity in a subject that, he is far from mastering. Despite the lack of the skill, he expresses himself in an amazing, original and high standard form. He combines trite several ideas in a varying and builds on rhythms that catch the attention of the listener immediately his work is playing (Downes and Olin, 16).The rhapsody in blue is an out of the world composition inspired by the flow of traffic and a blessing from God. Such composers are rare in the world; therefore, everyone here should glorify God for being in the generation that such a composer exists and have a feel of this sentimental, feeble and creative work (Schiff and David, 19).The theme of dance is no mere dance tune, but a catching moment that the listener is taken to the world of peace and imagination with the harmony of the tunes played. The parts can be separated and played differently without affecting the feel and flow in this magnificent work.

Corporate Governance & Corporate Social Responsiblity Research Paper

Corporate Governance & Corporate Social Responsiblity - Research Paper Example The increasing incidents of scandals in financial organizations has facilitated the need for corporate to play a more active role in promoting good corporate governance and behavior. This paper investigates the roles that banks and institutional investors can play in promoting good corporate governance and behavior in Asian economies. Asian financial institutions, banks and institutional investors play important economic roles in the region. However, just like in other regions across the world have indicated, poor governance of the institutions do not only cause a decline in profitability, but also could destabilize monetary system if the problem becomes widespread (OECD, 2003, p13). Therefore, it is important for the financial institutions to ensure implementation and enforcement of sound corporate governance behavior. Before investigating the role that financial institutions in Asia can play in promoting good corporate governance behavior, it is important to examine the normative f ramework in these organizations in the region. Alayannis, et al (2003) noted that families own majority of businesses and organizations in Asia and hence relations with stakeholders is mostly informal. In addition, the region has a wide economic and legal diversity but countries such as China, India, Malaysia, Pakistan and Hong Kong have similar legal structures governing business operations. According to Johnson and Mitton (2003, p51) over 65% of all listed companies in Asia are private and are managed and run by families. The companies have been in existence for several decades and their success is almost fully attributed to the collective efforts of their owners. These business owners have a tendency of forming extensive interconnected networks of subsidiaries and sister companies, which include partially owned and publicly listed companies. Allen and Douglas (2000) argued that investing in the subsidiaries enables investors to put their investments under their chosen management team. In addition investing in the subsidiaries gives the investors an opportunity to put their money in potentially profitable ventures. However, this mode of investment leads to unfair treatment of investors who do not belong to the family that owns the enterprise. Due to the nature of the business proprietorship, the organizations have strong informal relationships between the stakeholders, who are mainly family members or close friends. In China, the state maintains a strong grip on the ownership of financial organizations and some elements of socialist laws are common especially on the firms’ relations with stakeholders (Klapper and Love 2002). To promote good corporate governance behavior in China, Hong Kong and other Asian countries with similar business and legal framework, banks and other institutional investors should enforce credible laws and regulations. Similarly, judicial systems should enhance their expertise and increase capability to arbitrate conflicts perta ining to corporate governance with fairness and efficiency (Holder, et al 2009). Senior management and board of directors of banks and institutions should play a more proactive role in promoting good corporate governance and behavior in Asian countries. In particular, Gregory (2002, p49) argues that â€Å"

The work of Pollock, Newman, Rothko Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

The work of Pollock, Newman, Rothko - Essay Example The essay "The work of Pollock, Newman, Rothko" analyzes the ways that late modernist abstract painting has been theorised. The focus is on such artists as Pollock, Newman, Rothko. One of the most vocal critics of Modern art, Clement Greenberg, also became the unwitting champion of this form of art as he wrote about the theories behind its use, the value of art as art and the importance of artistic purity in conveying these concepts in his essay â€Å"Modernist Painting† published in 1961. Also writing about the theories behind the avant-garde artist, Donald Kuspit recently explored the issues of the meaning or import of art especially as it applies to this more ‘pure’ art form. While exploring the theories of these two men regarding the purpose of art and how abstract art is in the best position to convey this purpose, the artwork of Jackson Pollock, Barnett Newman and Mark Rothko will be used as illustrative examples of how to apply these theories. When discussi ng the art practices of the late Modern movement, it is important to include the main ideas associated with the â€Å"politics of representation† that form part of the basis for the methods and theories behind abstract art’s creation and appreciation that are not necessarily separate from the reason or method by which the artist attained his expression. This collective term makes a distinction between the content of an image and the form of the image, or the sublime versus the visual. The reason for this phenomenon being that art is not static.

BUS205-Introduction to Aspects of Business Law Essay

BUS205-Introduction to Aspects of Business Law - Essay Example Rights against Costumes R Us English National Operetta Company (ENOC) entered into a contract with Costumes R Us for the purchase of theater costumes. The contracts of sale are governed by Sale of Goods Act, 1979 which defines a contract of sale in s.2 (1) as: ‘a contract whereby the seller transfers or agrees to transfer ownership in goods to the buyer in return for a money consideration called the price.’ In the given case, Costumes R Us agreed to manufacture and deliver theater costumes to ENOC and ENOC agreed to pay ?5,000 in return. The agreement was made on 1st May 2010. This is an agreement to sell. It pertains to future goods which would be delivered on 1st September 2010. But before Costumes R Us could begin the manufacturing process for the agreement, on 1st June 2010, a fire broke out due to a fault of some children and burnt down their premises. They could not manufacture the costumes and hence could not deliver them to ENOC. ENOC has threatened to sue Costum es R Us for damages. Costumes R Us could not perform their promise. ENOC had to purchase the same quantity of costumes from Theatre Togs Ltd at a cost of ?6,000. ENOC is looking to recover their resulting loss in the form of damages from them by suing them for breach of contract. Costumes R Us would look to defend by pleading on the basis of Doctrine of Frustration. ... The happening event must have been outside the contemplation of the parties at the time they entered into the agreement. Where the parties have foreseen the likelihood of such an event arising and have made express provision for it in the contract the doctrine of frustration will not apply; and iii. The frustrating event was not self induced. In other words, the frustrating event must not have been the fault of, or due to the actions of, either of the contracting parties. In the given case, on June 1st 2010, the fire accident rendered it impossible for Costumes R Us to manufacture the costumes. The event is a frustrating event. On May 1st 2010, the time of making of the agreement, this event could not have been foreseen as it is not normal that the whole premises of a business are burned down due to an outbreak of fire. According to the given facts, the fire was caused by some children who were playing with matches near the premises. Therefore, the fire was not caused due to negligen ce or a fault by either of the parties. On the other hand, the breakout of fire occurred before the stipulated time of delivery i.e. 1st September 2010. If three months were sufficient for Costumes R Us to recover from the accident and perform their promise of making the costumes and delivering them, the Doctrine of Frustration would not be applicable. The subject matter of this contract is not of existing goods. It pertains to future goods which would be manufactured by Costumes R Us in the future. The fire could not have destroyed the subject matter of the contract. But it can be assumed that the machinery required to process the material was destroyed so the subject matter could not have been brought into existence. The courts would discharge both the parties from the contract by the

Applied Experience Paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Applied Experience - Term Paper Example They also discover various aspects of people feeling certain response on a particular issue (Brittany, 2010). The learning from different aspects of psychology has had a deep impact on my life. Due to my education in this field, I have developed a better understanding of people and scenarios at every stage of life. To explore the different dimensions of the psychology and their application in the real life, I have participated in group psychotherapy of the adolescents, who had been displaying aggressive attitude in their everyday life. Since group therapy is about making people understand that they are not the only one who is suffering from the same circumstances, there are other people as well who are also going through same circumstances (DRB Alternatives. Inc, 2010). Group therapy is successful because the members of the groups share personal issues that they are facing (Weinberg, 2000). In a group therapy, people interact with individuals who are in either a state of emotion, or ahead, or those people who have recovered from their problem. Through this, the members of the group become a source of support and strength for each other. Moreover, because of their common experience, the participants understand each other’s situation, and therefore, they can develop a better relationship with each other. Psychotherapy In the setting that I experienced, there were altogether six adolescents and the therapist. The issue that they had on hand to deal with was increased aggression in their personalities. All these children had complained that against their own will, with the passage of time, they were developing an aggressive personality. Once the participants started discussing their family backgrounds, their life experiences and the relationship of their parents with each other, I discovered that most of the participants had previously experienced aggression in their lives to some extent. If they had not experienced it, then they had a broken family and/or w ere brought up by a single parent. While I was sitting in the setting and was listening to the experiences of the adolescents, the concept that was running in my mind was Bandura’s Experiments (Myers, 2008). In these experiments, the researcher has proved that children have exceptionally high level of observation starting from their birth. Therefore, their learning through observation is very strong. Thus, they imitate everything they see, if not immediately then possibly at some other time, but they do imitate the observed behaviour. From the explanation of the adolescents during the therapy, it was evident that out of six, four of them had someone in the family that was very aggressive, because of which they also developed a habit that keeps getting stronger by the day. The interesting part that I found about these participants is that almost every child has at least one of the parents who are aggressive in front of the children. At this point, the other theory that I have observed in my daily life is that children usually idealize their parents and tend to copy them in most of the situations where they can. They tend to do whatever their parents do in front of them, either in person or in similar settings. However, the rest of the two adolescents who were complaining about the aggression had not witnessed aggressive attitude by their parents. They were the brought up

Survices Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Survices Marketing - Essay Example Customer complaints may help the management team to identify internal weaknesses in service provision, and help the company improve. In the end, a complaint benefits the firm positively. Moreover, if the complaint from the customer is handled professionally, the customer may recommend others to the firm’s product or services. The experience of Qantas Airlines helped me to understand the correct procedure for handling complaints from customers in a professional way. I gained familiarity with the critical aspects that should be highlighted when responding to a customer’s complaint. More specifically, I learned how to exhibit timeliness, facilitation, redress, apology, credibility, and attentiveness when handling complaints from customers. In addition, I realized that a customer’s response should be personalized and well framed so that it exhibits the firm’s recognition of its mistakes, but does not reflect negatively on the reputation of the company. The knowledge I gained is of critical importance in the business world. In the future, I will be in a position to handle customer complaints professionally (Barlow & MÃ ¸ller 2006, p.

When Darkness Struck Essay Example for Free

When Darkness Struck Essay It was past your curfew late one night and you were on your way home. While you were in the lift with a neighbour, it came to a complete halt suddenly. Based on the above information, write a composition of about 150 words. In your composition, make use of the points below: †¢ How did you feel? †¢ What did your neighbour do? †¢ What happened in the end? You may reorder the points. You may also include other relevant points. I looked at my watch. Oh no! It was 10 pm and it was way past my curfew. I sighed. Who cares? I have to work overtime. ‘Ok, everyone you may pack up for the day. Sorry to hold you guys in,’ said the boss. My heart rejoiced. Finally, peace and freedom! I took the public bus home to my flat. I walked briskly towards the lift lobby as I pressed the lift button. Mr Chan, my next-door neighbour, was waiting for the lift, too. We smiled at each other. ‘Working overtime again?’ he asked. I nodded. The lift door opened. We walked into the lift together. While the lift was moving up, it suddenly halted, the lights went out, the entire lift went pitch dark. Fear crept onto me as I felt my way to Mr Chan and asked,’ What should we do?’ ‘Don’t worry, I will try possible ways for help,’ Mr Chan replied as he felt for the emergency button and pressed it. To our dismay, it did not work due to the blackout. Next, Mr Chan tried the second attempt. He felt around his pocket to look for his mobile phone. With that, he dialed to the engineer rescuers. A few minutes later, the lift door cracked open. I could saw the glimpse of light outside. I thanked Mr Chan and the rescuers for their help. Mr Chan and I walked home together, then we split into different routes to our doors respectively. I could see Mr Chan’s wife, Mrs Chan, standing by the front door, waiting for him anxiously. On the other hand, my mother was waiting for me. When she saw me, she asked, ‘Where did you go? I was about to call to your office venue!’ ‘There was a blackout in the lift.  Luckily Mr Chan was with me, or I would still be stuck in the lift by now,’ I replied. This reassured my mother, as we walked into our house, getting ready for the night. I saw a piece of paper on the coffee table. It was written to me by Mrs Chan. It said: Dear Carine, There’s a curfew today from 10pm onwards. Residents are not to use the lift, for they might encounter problems such as blackouts. I would like to remind you so that you could tell your boss about the curfew at your estate when you reached your working venue so that he can release you earlier. Your neighbour, Mrs Chan I was about to sleep for the night after changing my clothes when I heard ‘Carine, Mrs Chan left you a note this morning. Have you seen it?’ I sighed, with a smile on my face. There goes my mother again, who only tells people after they have seen it.

Exploring career prospects for accounting graduates

Exploring career prospects for accounting graduates Accounting graduates have a healthy career prospect which makes them land lucrative jobs right after college. In fact it is said that, an accountant is a man who watches the battle from the safety of the hills and then comes down to bayonet the wounded. The jobs range from working in a small business, an individual client, to working for a large organization. Market standards for accounting students are high. Individuals with BA degrees and the required course work are more likely to find employment in smaller firms, but individual strengths and abilities will have an impact. This makes someone without accounting qualifications to have very slim chances of finding a job in accounting. Every business major in college must take accounting classes just so that they have some brief knowledge in the subject. This paper will discuss the career prospects of students graduating with an accounting degree. It will explain where accounting graduates end up working. In addition, the paper will e xplain whether any certification, licenses or experience are required. Accounting students develop an extensive range of vital skills for their prospect career. They study the use of popular accounting software, writing financial reports, and interpreting different kinds of financial information. They also learn on how to advise organizations and individuals on financial planning and understanding state and federal tax laws. In addition, they acquire skills in customer service and become recognizable with ethical trade practices. Most prospect jobs require a minimum of an accounting degree or any related field. Opportunities must be favorable. Accounting firms hire plenty of students out of college through internships. Those with professional recognition, for instance certification or licensure like CPA, enjoy best prospects. The main advancement for an accountant fresh out with a business degree is a CPA, this is a certified public accountant, however there is also a CMA, and this is a certified management accountant. A CMA is recognized worldwide, wh ere a CPA is generally recognized in North America. There is a wide range of duties in the four major accounting fields namely; management accounting, internal auditing, public accounting, and government accounting. Management accountants, also called managerial, corporate, private, cost, or industrial accountants, record and analyze companies financial information. Their other duties include budgeting, cost management, asset management, and performance evaluation. Management accountants, being among executive teams, involve themselves in strategic planning and new products development. Analyzing and interpreting monetary information desirable by corporate executives in making sound business decisions is among their duties. Other duties include preparing financial reports for groups like stockholders, regulatory agencies, tax authorities, and creditors. There will be more competition on work for smaller private businesses. We understand that. We welcome it and we think we are in a good position to be the market leaders. We have a long history of brand recognition. Within accounting departments, the management accountants may do financial analysis, cost accounting, planning and budgeting. Public accountants execute a wide range of accounting, tax, consulting and auditing activities for their customers. The clients may be individuals, government organizations, or corporations. For instance, some public accountants contemplate on tax matters, like advising companies on advantages and disadvantages of tax on certain business decisions. They also prepare individual profits tax returns. Others may offer advice on employee healthcare benefits or compensation, data processing systems and design of accounting, and selection of controls for safeguarding assets. Public accountants can also be called external auditors. A professional is a person who can do his best at a time when he does not particularly feel like it. These accountants, of whom many have qualified as Certified Public Accountants (CPAs), normally work for accounting firms or own businesses. Some public accountants focus in forensic accounting. They investigate and interpret crimes like securities fraud and misapp ropriation, contract disputes and bankruptcies, and other criminal financial transactions, for example money laundering. Technology is hastily changing the work nature of most accountants. Special software packages help accountants to summarize transactions in financial records using standard formats. Accounting packages reduce the tiresome work linked to record keeping and data management. Being an accountant is much harder than taking a few classes, but the payout in the end comes in handy when becoming wealthy. This is because the average income for an accountant straight out of college with a BS in accounting is around fifty thousand dollars. Computers enable accountants to be mobile and to make use of computer systems of their clients in extracting information from the internet and databases. Consequently, many accountants with broad computer skills may specialize in correcting software problems or developing software to ensure unique analytical and data management needs are met. Accountants also execute technical duties like developing technology plans, and auditing, implementing, and controlling computer systems. Most accountants work in a distinctive office setting although some may work partly from home. Working for a firm creates different opportunities for college graduates because it helps build a portfolio, and in return the portfolio will be used to attract new customers. Accountants employed by government agencies, public accounting organizations, and firms with various locations may take trips frequently to do audits at government facilities or places of business for their clients. A survey conducted in 2008 showed that half of the accountants worked a typical 40-hour week. Many who worked longer hours were either self-employed or had many clients. Accountants with tax specialization often worked longer during taxation period. It is said that there are endless career choices for an accounting degree, because people will always have their taxes done. Fresh accountants may work under close supervision of an experienced accountant before becoming independent. Enough working experience at a high enough level as determined by the CGA point system is required. Usually it is two to three years of full time work. The hours are counted so if you work part time it would take much longer to get this piece completed. There are about 20,000 CGAs in Ontario and 8,000 graduate students working towards the designation Toronto star. Any accountant who needs to file a report with Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) must be a Certified Public Accountant (CPA). Senior accountants working in public companies registered with SEC may be included among Certified Public Accountants (CPAs). Helpful for Certified Public Accountants (CPAs) to have as it gives a person a better rounded accounting understanding. State Board of Accountancy licenses CPAs. Any accountant, having passed a national exam can become a CPA. Very few people opt to start with a CA and then move on to other designations as the CA is a field in itself. The Ca designation is in no way less than the CMA or CGA. The CA employees are likely to be recruited right out of university. Large firms like KPMG and others do so and have the ability to pick the BComm graduates with the top marks. In summing up, there are endless opportunities that lie ahead of an accountant. In addition, there is a lot of money to be made in the business, and the knowledge of how to stay wealthy should make people want to become an accountant. There is a wide range of duties in the four major accounting fields namely management accounting, internal auditing, public accounting, and government accounting. Management accountants, also called managerial, corporate, private, cost, or industrial accountants, record and analyze companies financial information. Internal auditors verify internal control effectiveness in their organizations. They check for waste, fraud, or mismanagement. Public accountants execute a wide range of accounting, tax, consulting and auditing activities for their customers. Government accountants work in public sectors. They maintain and examine government agencies records, audit private businesses including individuals whose activities must be regulated by the government. S tate Board of Accountancy licenses CPAs. Any accountant, having passed a national exam can become a CPA. This is in addition to having met all the other state requirements in their area of practice.

Locke Vs. Locke Essays -- Empiricists, Empiricism

For many political theorists and thinkers, the ideas of labor and property are central to the evolution of governments or states, and henceforth, very important aspects of human life. For some writers, the development of property is a direct result of labor, and government is set up to ensure the property rights of those who own property. Some view property and labor fundamentally or naturally connected aspects of human life, while others see it as merely a social convention. Each thinker also has different opinions about how property is acquired, as well as what the limits to property acquisition are. While one writer may provide the most fair account of property, another may provide a more feasible account of property acquisition and its limits. This essay will attempt to compare and contrast the beliefs of John Locke and Karl Marx on the ideas of labor and property with their connections to the aspects of the human condition, as well as determine who holds the most feasible or fai r account of property. To begin, Locke believes that property is not a "thing", rather, it is a relationship between an individual and an item. Property is a natural condition in John Locke’s state of nature, meaning it was present since the beginning. "Thus labor, in the beginning, gave a right of property, wherever anyone was pleased to employ it upon what was common, which remained a long while the far greater part, and is yet more than mankind makes use of." (Locke, 27). In order for property rights to exist, they must be recognized by other individuals through the act of mixing physical labor with nature. The most fundamental and natural forms of the property of man are "The labor of his body, and the work of his hands…" (Locke, 19.) These fundamental properties, according to Locke, cannot be stripped from any man "…nor could without injury take from him." (Locke, 21). By mixing nature with this fundamental form of property, or labo r, man can appropriate property to himself. "His labor hath taken it out of the hands of nature, where it was common, and belonged equally to all her children, and hath hereby appropriated it to himself" (Locke, 20). Here, Locke explains that by mixing one’s physical labor with, for example, an apple from a tree, one removes the apple from the common cache ... ...er, which are understood as goods or property. To Marx, property is not a natural or fundamental aspect of human existence. In a capitalist economy, property comes about through certain social relations between the capitalist and laborer. It is a social convention to Marx, and is not natural at all, in fact one of Marx’s main movements into communism abolishes all property rights. One reason Marx would like to move from our current governments into communism is because of the alienation of labor. Alienation of labor alienates the physical laborer from the object he creates. The capitalist owns the product that the laborer produces through the division of labor, and no individual worker will ever own what he creates in this system. Marx does not really delve on the evolution of property rights or property relations, he is more concerned with economic factors of production and markets. In Marx’s base superstructure model of a political economy, the forces of production (labor, technology) form the base of the political system. After the forces of production, come the relations of production, which are class inequality, property rights and the division of labor.

The Death of the Pepsi Man :: Creative Writing Essays

The Death of the Pepsi Man      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One day while lost in the vast woodlands of Scotland, I came upon a pop machine,   I had no money, and because of my strong moral values, I felt I could not force it open with a stick or break it with a rock, because that was wrong. As I sat there leaning against it, I pondered how I could get a refreshing can of pop.   I got up and looked around to find a coin or a bill that someone might have left or lost.   After five or six hours I gave up, no one had dropped anything that I could find.   By this time it was now nightfall, so I slept leaning against this oasis.   While asleep, I had a wonderful dream of this pop machine.   I dreamed that it opened up and asked me to indulge in a cold refreshing drink.   Another dream I had was where every five minutes the machine gave me a can from now until eternity.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When I awoke I jumped up and turned around to see if any of the dreams were true.   I quickly saw that they were not.   I decided that I could not leave this place until I had enjoyed a can of pop.   By the 3rd day, I had to scout for food and water because I was feeling malnourished.   As I walked around I found a snack machine the kind with many divine foods inside such as candy bar and chips, but still no way to eat them.   I stayed here until morning trying to rig a transport of some sort for it.   I cut a tree down and made 4 wheels and eventually a cart to support the machine and than to transport the machine to the other.   This was such a great task, I forgot about my hunger.   By dusk I had arrived back at the pop machine.   As I set the candy machine next to the pop machine, my hunger came back even stronger than before  Ã‚   Once again, I knew I could not break into the machine to eat, again my strong moral values.   So I went out again in search of food and water.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As my walk progressed I found a stream and I took a drink and ate many fish, then thought that I should of cooked them first.   On my way back, I got lost and had to sleep under a foreign tree and try to find my way home at day break.   As I tried to find my way home, I found another machine.

Elementary School and Middle School Essay

Transitioning from elementary school to middle school is something we all have or had to do! Most kids cringe at the thought of making this huge step in life. For many students this transition can be a time of mixed emotions. Having been through this experience, I will compare and contrast the two, hoping that this will give you a clear picture of elementary and middle school. Elementary and middle school have distinguishable characteristics. In elementary schools, you basically have your homeroom teacher and one other teacher. The movement of students is very limited and you are mostly escorted by a teacher. Teachers are more understanding and are not as demanding because of the student’s age. Fun days are set aside as an award for students that have done what is expected of them. Most of the children are placed in classroom with the same students each year. Elementary school is very important in our young student’s lives; this is where it all starts. However, middle school students are expected to execute their daily tasks without assistance. Teachers are there to direct the students in right direction; everything else is left up to the student. Middle school students have several different classes, in each class it is usually a different teacher. Students have lockers to store their books and other supplies. In middle school students are required to be more independent and serious about school. Elementary school set the pace for all other levels of schooling. Students enter elementary school learning all the basic aspects of school system and the learning process. At this stage in life most students are eager to learn and get excited to learn new things. Elementary is the main point of delivery, it introduces social skills, behavioral adjustments, and basic academic learning. Middle school prepares students for higher education. Ultimately, middle school bridges the gap between elementary and high school. It is definitely a different experience than elementary, but it prepares students for their future and encourages them to be more independent. Elementary schools and middle schools also have common qualities. They are both open Monday through Friday on the same days. Each day students eat lunch at a designated time. All students are expected to sit in desks in an appropriate manner. Teachers require students to be respectful and display good behavior at all times. Homework is given on a daily basis and class discussions are routine also. School is essentially school with minor differences. Each school level has its own pro’s and con’s, they are also very similar. They each have their own benefiting factors and they are used to their advantage. School systems up this way because it is initially what works in our culture. Elementary and middle schools are stepping stones that that help us get from one place to another in our academic life. Each level is an important standpoint for academic excellence and they should be taken seriously so that you can be an effective student/learner.

nt1330 unit 7 assinment1 Essay

TO: Business Manager FROM: IT Consultant I can understand how you concerned with your company’s security after all information on competitors can be invaluable or very harmful to a company and this is why it must be protected from prying eyes. This does not have to mean that you have to lose production over trying to secure your networks information. An easy measure like user names and passwords can be used to protect less sensitive information but how strong you make those usernames and passwords can have a significant effect on how well your information is protected. I will give you some tips on how to better secure your network with the tools that you already have at hand, keep in mind that you can also buy better security items to better protect you network things like; smart card, finger print scanners, retinal scanners, etc. but I only recommend these for really sensitive information and only for certain users in your company. On the server that is the DC log in to the administrator account and in the Active Directory Users and Computers in the Domain icon in the left pane click on the users icon, you’ll be able to see all of the users in that domain. From here you can click on any user and make changes as necessary, for user names I recommend you use the following format; using capital and lower case letters the first letter of their name, their whole last name and their employee number, ex. â€Å"CCbattle1234@Domain*%#.Local† if someone hack the account and all that they knew the person name and the domain name they could not get in because it is very unlikely that they would know that person employee number and if they do then you have a spy in your company. As for passwords I recommend that they be alpha numeric and what this means is that they should be at least eight characters long, be composed of upper and lower case letters, should contain at least one number and one special characte r. Best Regards,  IT Consultant

Portfolio Management and Strategic Management Paper Essay

The portfolio management concept is critical to supporting an organization’s mission and goals. Portfolio management will determine which projects will be pursued when the budget or resources are limited. Organizations sometimes find that they have many projects they would like to complete but there will be times that it is not possible. Portfolio management will review the projects that not only are being worked on but also review any possible pending projects and determine if there is money and resources to continue. They will then prioritize projects and eliminate any that are determined wrong for the organization. According to Kerzner, H. (2013), portfolio management focuses attention at a more aggregate level. Its primary objective is to identify, select, finance, monitor and maintain the appropriate mix of projects and initiatives necessary to achieve organizational goals and objectives. Project management focuses on a particular project that has already been recognized by portfolio management as a project that will support the mission and goals of the organization. Portfolio management will also be looking at what financing will be available for each project and also be looking out for the right mixture of projects. It wouldn’t be in the organizations best interest to only support projects that would be geared towards one goal of the organization. They need to make sure that they are looking at every goal or mission and balancing out the projects. There can be issues with portfolio management. In project management we have discussed using the experts in the organization to help with the planning and in many cases the implementation of a project. With portfolio  management the ones making the decisions may not have the expertise, knowledge and information and therefore could decide a project isn’t a good choice when in fact it should be considered. There could be conflicts, unwillingness to share, differences in thought as well as certain department loyalties that may cause incorrect decisions. Strategic management refers to management who are goals-oriented in which the mission and planned achievements of an organization are clearly set out and all management processes are designed and monitored toward reaching the organization’ overall goals, (â€Å"What Is Strategic Management†, 2011). A mission statement within the organization will set the goals of the organization. References Kerzner, H. (2013). Project management: A systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling (11th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. What is strategic management. (2011). Retrieved from http://www.managementskillsadvisor.com/what-is-strategic-management.html

Blue Ocean Strategy Theory and Criticism

Outline the main components of Kim and Mauborgne’s (2004) concept of ‘Blue Ocean Strategy’. Critically assess the strengths and limitations of this approach to pursuing competitive advantage. Use relevant examples to support your argument. Introduction In the contemporary hostile business environment, innovation has become part of any company’s paramount strategy for continuous survival. Nokia, despite being the world’s largest mobile phone manufacturer having a large customer base, realized how lack of innovation to compete against rivals high end smart phones threatened its market presence. Kim and Mauborgne’s (2004) Blue Ocean Strategy is one of the major contributions in that context. Accordingly, this essay examines the Blue Ocean Strategy concept in the following order: First, the theory is explained with a real-life example. Secondly we look at few of its limitations. Thirdly, a critical appraisal of why this approach is better or worse off than other competing and value innovation theories is presented and finally the conclusion is drawn. Blue Ocean Strategy Theory According to Kim and Mauborgne (2004) the business universe consists of two distinct kinds of space: Red and Blue Oceans. Red Oceans  are the known market space where industry boundaries are defined and accepted, and the competitive rules of the game are known. Here companies try to outperform their rivals to grab a greater share of the market. As the market space gets crowded, prospects for profits and growth are reduced. Products become commodities, and cutthroat competition turns the ocean bloody and hence, the term  red ocean. Blue oceans, in contrast, refer to all the industries not in existence today—the unknown market space, untainted by competition. The essence of Blue Oceans is value innovation where demand is created rather than fought over. There is ample opportunity for rapid growth and profits. In Blue Ocean, competition is irrelevant because the rules of the game are waiting to be set. In contrast to Red Ocean which emphasizes either on cost or differentiation strategy, Blue Ocean suggests it is possible to attain both simultaneously. Pursuing this strategy is able to create high barriers to entry. There are two ways to create blue oceans: one is to give rise to completely new industries and the other is by changing the boundary of an existing industry. One of the classic examples of Blue Ocean strategy was Fords invention of Model T back in 1908. At that time the automobile industry in US was saturated (Red Ocean) with 500 small car companies manufacturing few expensive cars for the rich citizens only. Ford redefined the industry by the introduction of Model T car which was more robust, affordable and had less maintenance cost. With high demand and standardization in its product it was able to attain both differentiation and low cost. Thus instead of entering and competing on the same level Ford made the competition irrelevant by tapping into a whole new market or Blue Ocean within the existing industry. Limitations Some of the Blue Ocean Strategy limitation suggested by Bowman (2008) includes the cost associated with failed projects and innovations, the ambiguity in the industry definition and the methodology carried out for the theory. Other Strategy Theories and Approaches Competitive Strategy Forces Porter’s five forces viewing competition as the main issue that business out to be addressing is in direct contrast to Blue Ocean’s view of value innovation and creating new market. A recent research in the retail market by Barke (2010) suggests that Porter’s view of increased firm leading to lower profitability is in fact true but it does not go down alarmingly as suggested but rather a ‘pedestrian force’. Also Blue Ocean innovation in an existing market can last for 15 years before it to go down to a basic level (Barke, 2010). What that means is that the profit gains from innovation, in an existing market, are a lot more than previously supposed. Disruptive Innovation Kim and Mauborgne (2004) failed to identify the difficulty in adopting Blue Ocean strategy particularly for the established firms. Christensen and Overdorf (2004) spotted this issue in their ‘disruptive innovation’ model which bears similarity with Blue Ocean in that new markets can be created with the existing industry and ‘continual innovation’ is needed for survival. Broadly defining, it is a strategy which disturbs the trajectory f an industry it is heading to, instead of trying to change the whole industry and does so by targeting the so called non-consumers. Christensen argues that established firm’s strength in resources, process, and values culture can often lead to rigidity to change and adapt to threats or explore new markets. Easy jets incremental growth and rise in dominance against other airlines such as British Airways is a perfect example. British Airways tried to change its business model and copy Easy Jet’s low cost strategy but miserably failed due to its different value. Christensen and Overdorf (2000) highlight this issue about the ‘dangers of quickly imitating by established firms’ and instead urges new ‘organizational structure, acquisition’ means to tackle the issue. They further go on to say that small disruptive startups will always have an added advantage over established firms due to less stress in ‘managing resources’ and in CEO’s ‘quick intuitive decisions. ’ Their theory, thus, provide a whole new perspective in Blue Ocean Strategy model. Experience Innovation and Co-Creation of Value Prahalad (2004) argues that that today, customers want to be involved more and more in the production experience or become ‘co-creator’s’ instead of the ‘dominant logic’ of companies that decides which product to manufacture and sell as suggested by Blue Ocean strategy and other theories. According to him, this dominant logic fails to recognize threats, seize opportunities, growth and innovation. He suggests ‘value’ is created through experience of consuming the product rather than only measured by product, service or transaction (Prahalad, 2004: 173). This is what terms as ‘experience innovation’ that can be created through a paradigm known as ‘DART (Dialogue, Access and Choice, Risk Assessment and Transpercy). ’ Starbucks is a good example here – where people just don’t go to drink coffee but rather to experience of the coffee shop culture. Trends in Japanese Management While Blue Ocean Strategy emphasizes on finding a new market for competitive advantage, Clegg and Kono (2002) asserts that one of the rise of Japanese companies such as Hitachi and Toshiba was ‘developing strategic alliances and co operation with other companies’ (Clegg and Kono, 2002: 278). Further dissimilarity in Blue Ocean strategy includes Hamel and Prahalad (1989) ‘advantage of being a follower rather than a leader’ which enables companies to have a ‘strategic intent’ or a long term vision of winning and beating the biggest in the business such as Canon sought to beat ‘Xerox’ and ultimately matching global unit market share. Conclusion The competitive perspective suggests that companies should pay close attention to their existing markets when looking for opportunities for innovation; that competition is a much weaker force in terms of eroding the benefits from innovation. Disruptive innovation highlights the obstacles faced by firms in pursuing Blue Ocean but rightly urges firms to adopt this strategy for survival. With the current IT phenomena the experience innovation’s holistic view of measuring value through consumer is a new breadth of fresh air that should be included and be a part of Blue Ocean Strategy. Lastly, the trends in Japanese Management indicates that other successful strategy theories must also be considered alongside Blue Ocean as part of companies broader business plan to remain competitive.

Death Penalty Mush Be Abolish in the United States

The death penalty must be abolished in the United States. Outline I. Death penalty must be abolished world A. Death penalty is the sentence of death for a person convicted of a capital offence, is currently used in 58 countries around the world, and is also legal sentence in 33  states. (Harrison, Tamony P2) B. Abolished to end the observance or effect. (www. merriam-webster. com) C. Preview 1. Background information of death penalty 2. Arguments between death penalty and human rights 3. Death penalty mistakes 4. Government financial burden of death penalty. 5. All I Can See proofII. Background information of death penalty A. History of death penalty B. Current debates on death penalty III. Arguments between death penalty and human rights A. The human rights organization opposes death penalty because of the inhumanity of this punishment 1. Human rights omissions 2. Moral issue B. The death penalty deprives criminal’s human of rights. The death penalty is against religionâ₠¬â„¢s principle of Buddhism. IV. The mistakes of the death penalty Death penalty cause innocent people after the execution. B. Unfairness of death penalty. 1. Race bias in the death penalty . Gender discrimination in the death penalty V. Government financial burden on the death penalty A. The death penalty costs are larger Government pays for the bill of execution of death penalty VI. All I can see part Brown land is a dead land; it referred to the influence of death penalty. VII. Death penalty must be forbidden in the world The death penalty must be abolished in the United States. â€Å"The death penalty, the sentence of death for a person convicted of a capital offence, is currently used in 58 countries around the world, and is also legal sentence in 33  states. Harrison, Tamony. P. 2)  Ã‚  One hundred and thirty nine countries in the world have abolished the death penalty under their systems of law. Clearly, the majority of the world already understands that the death penalt y must be abolished. This paper will prove the necessity of abolishing the death penalty. For the purpose of this paper, death penalty is defined in accordance with Harrison and Tamony. Abolish is defined as the end to the observance or effect of something (www. merriam-webster. com).Three main arguments will be put forward: the fact that the death penalty violates human rights, un-reversible errors have been and can be made in assigning the death penalty, and finally that it is a financial burden on the governments who still adhere to it. A literary proof based on the novel  All I Can See  will also be put forth to strengthen the case against the death penalty. In the seventeenth century, the death penalty was the major punishment to sentence criminals who committed capital crimes. In seventeen century, England government was authorized to hang criminals in public as a major punishment.However, the truth is the death penalty was not only used for the person who broke the law, i t was also used to eliminate political opponents. In Europe, before the modern prison system completed, the death penalty was used to sentence general criminals. During the time of Henry VIII, over 72,000 people are estimated to have been executed. During the year 1820 in Britain, about 160 crimes were punished by death, including crimes such as shoplifting, petty theft, stealing cattle, or cutting down trees in public place. ( Bedau.Hugo Adam, 3) Since World War II, the world set off a wave of abolishing the death penalty. According to information published by Amnesty International, 97 countries had abolished capital punishment altogether, 8 had done so for all offences except under special circumstances, and 36 had not used it for at least 10 years or were under a moratorium. The other 57 retained the death penalty in active use. (Amnesty International, 10 June 2008. ) However, death penalty was always not use in heinous crimes. (See Table 1, Bedau.Hugo Adam, 7) Table 1: Capital c rime in the united states, by execution and number of jurisdiction, 1965 Type of offense| number of jurisdiction| Executions carried out between 1930 and 1965| Capitally punishable homicide| 44| Yes| Murder| 40| Yes| Other homicide| 20| Yes| kidnapping| 34| Yes| Treason| 21| No| Rape| 19| Yes| Carnal knowledge| 15| No| Armed robbery| 10| Yes| Perjury in a capital case| 10| No| Bombing| 7| No| Assault by a life-term prisoner| 5| Yes| Burglary| 4| Yes| Arson| 4| No| Train wrecking| 2| No| Train robbery| 2| No| Espionage| 2| Yes| Bank robbery | 2| Yes|Sabotage| 1| Yes| Desertion in wartime| 1| Yes| Other| 14| No| *source: Bedau 1982:9 From the table, it is clear that some non-homicide crimes still can be sentence to dead, such as assault by a life-term prisoner or bank robbery. On the contrary, other dangerous crimes are not to be used in the death penalty field, such as bombing and arson. In 1972, at the time of Supreme Court’s Furman, the majority of public tends to agree with the death penalty. The major reason for support of the death penalty was the serious violent offenders need to be executed in the interest of public safety.However, according to a Gallup poll, supporter for the death penalty dropped from 76 to 53, public started to against the death penalty. Since then, the world has the trend toward of abolishing the death penalty. The right to life is the most basic right for human beings. â€Å"The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights1 (ICCPR) prohibits the use of torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment to deprived criminal liberty, which is referred to the death penalty. (Mukherjee Amrita, 2) In the past, hanging was the common method of capital punishment.Other methods including, crucifixion, drowning, beating and burning. Now, even lethal injection is the capital punishment, but prisoners may have experienced torturous pain during their executions. In the United States, New Jersey is the only st ates that allows public to watch the whole process. In the thirty-six states, â€Å"the same three-drug sequence for lethal injections: sodium thiopental to render the condemned inmate unconscious; pancuronium bromide to paralyze the condemned inmate’s voluntary muscles; and potassium chloride to rapidly induce cardiac arrest and cause death. (Fellner, J and Tofte, 23) However, according to Hyman Rights Watch research, this three-sequence puts prisoners at a high risk situation if the drugs does not affect. Yet to change the drugs sequence, government still chooses the old method by follow the policy. Moreover, inmates placed and unusual circumstances (death penalty diminishes the humanity of everyone it touches. ) and death row inmates will cause criminal’s mental illness and mental disabilities. Similarly, the European Convention on Human (ECHR) also claims that â€Å"no one shall be subjected to torture or other inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment. (Mukh erjee Amrita, 5) Moreover, unusual circumstances and mental pressure may lead to innocent people committed made-up crime. Moreover, the state of Michigan was the one of the earliest governments in the world to abolish the death penalty in 1846. But still, there is a hot debate about if law says kill people is a crime, but government still using the death penalty to sentence criminals, it is also seen as a broken law behavior. The death penalty is a serious moral error. The two points approach to the death penalty morality are consequentialist and deontological.The consequentialist theory believes that the death penalty accord with the human moral principles because it prevent potential murder. Sometimes, the government uses â€Å"aggregate welfare† as an excuse to using the death penalty. The welfare is using death penalty to deter potential criminals in order to achieve the purpose for reducing crime. At the same time, no one can guarantee that government follows the â€Å" aggregate welfare† rule to using capital punishment. â€Å"The government authorizes its agents to inflict capital punishment, but does not authorize private parties to murder; indeed it forbids murder. † (Sunstein, Cass R. and Adrian Vermeule. 13) This is an obvious moral contradiction between what government allows itself to do and what is disallows its citizens to do. The public regards the government action as a moral standard, the decision government made influences public opinion. On the other hand, the deontologist’s supporters believe that any killing is against moral principle. Life-life tradeoff is the key of the moral issue. This method is best way â€Å"to the extent that a refusal to impose capital punishment yields a significant increase in the number of deaths of innocent people† instead of risk-risk tradeoff. Sunstein, Cass R. , and Adrian Vermeule. 6) Authorize private parties to murder; indeed it forbids murder. A survey from Gallup about Values and Beliefs in American moral views of social issues shows that in 2012, only 58 people saying the death penalty is morally acceptable, and this number down from 65% compare with 2011. The dramatic drop shows that along with the society development, more and more people are tends to against death penalty. Another important survey exposes in 2010, this survey is about public opinion of whether put murders in the death penalty or stay in the prison for life.Less than half (49%) chose the death penalty, while 46% chose life without parole. (gallup. com) not everybody agrees abolished the death penalty, but from the statics, most citizens support to abolish the capital punishment. â€Å"For some such consequentialists, killings are, under ordinary, circumstances, a violation of rights, and this point is highly relevant to any judgment, about killings. † (Sunstein, Cass R. , and Adrian Vermeule. 15) The death penalty is a cruel punishment that should be abolish to accord w ith public opinion. The death penalty is against the moral principle of Buddhism.Considering that Buddhist take most of proportion of the world's population, especially in Asian nations. ( Alarid, Leanne Fiftal, and Wang Hsiao-Ming. 2) Compare to western religion, such as Christianity, the Buddhism focus on life meaning. The â€Å"Four Noble Truths† are the essential principle in Buddhism, first is† all life is characterized by suffering†; second, â€Å"ignorance, attachment, and anger cause human suffering†; third, the cause of suffering can be terminated; and the forth one is â€Å"suffering can be overcome through the â€Å"Noble Eightfold Path. These four rules is the basis of Buddhism morality, which decide what is good or bad. (Alarid, Leanne Fiftal, and Wang Hsiao-Ming. 4-6). For the death penalty, the death row is obvious unacceptable for the Buddhist. Even death penalty been use to punish criminals, but before the execution, the longtime death ro w will cause criminals mental illness. In Buddhism principle, all the creatures are have life, and needs to be respect, the memory and imagination makes people different from animals. (Alarid, Leanne Fiftal, and Wang Hsiao-Ming. ) The Buddhist follows up the rules of do not killing while the government sentence prisoners to death. Buddhism monks avoid to use violence, but in death penalty, even drowning, hanging was exist in the past, but the death row and metal torture still counts as violence. â€Å"Buddhist doctrines hold nonviolence and compassion for all life in high regard(Alarid, Leanne Fiftal, and Wang Hsiao-Ming. 13) Because the death penalty disrespect life value, abolishing is necessary. Since the justice system is not mistake-free, so an error will leads to an innocent person being executed.Based on Michael J Berwanger article, â€Å"Death Is Different: Actual Innocence and Categorical Exclusion Claims under the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act,†Ã‚   there are two types of innocence: â€Å"one claiming actual innocence of the underlying offense, and the other claiming innocence of the penalty. (Berwanger Michael J  Page 3) However, both types of innocent people can be sentenced in death. A study from Columbia University, release by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), Professor James Liebman says that â€Å"thousands of capital sentences that had been reviewed by courts in 34 states from 1973 to 1995.    There is a clear sign to show that justice system still have many mistakes. No one can guarantee the absolute justice. Moreover, Liebman also mentions that â€Å"†An astonishing 82 percent of death row inmates did not deserve to receive the death penalty,†Ã¢â‚¬  At last, he concludes that â€Å"‘One in twenty death row inmates are later found not guilty. ’† (ACLU. org) From the statics, it is clear there is no way to revise the death penalty mistake. Also, a survey from American Civi l Liberties Union shows that until February 2004, 113 inmates had been found innocent and released from death row. ACLU. org)  More than half of these have been released in the last 10 years. That means one person has been exonerated for every eight people executed. Yet for others who do not have a chance to release from death row are being executed. There have been over 1,000 people executed since 1976 also innocent. Hence, there is a list from a project of the University of the Michigan Law School and the Center on Wrongful Convictions at Northwestern University School of Law about known exonerations in the United States ? to support that the death penalty must be abolished.The death penalty is racist and gender bias According to an article â€Å"Racial Discrimination in the Administration of the Death Penalty: The Experience of the United States Armed Forces (1984-2005),† the race bias in the death penalty directly impeded justice. As we know, racial discrimination is a historical issue since the 19th century, which year is the blooming period of slave trade. Hundreds of years later, the discrimination between different races still exists. A report released by the New Jersey Supreme Court  in 2001 mentions that the death penalty possible use as a primary punishment for crime murder a white victim.The report proves that the race influences the judicial fairness; the race cannot determine the crime. Furthermore, a survey from The U. S. Department of Justice (DOJ) says â€Å"Of the 18 prisoners currently on federal death row, 16 are either African-American, Hispanic or Asian. † The color of one’s skin determined the severity of the punishment. Ironically, 84% of victims in death penalty cases are white, although only 50% of murder victims are white. (ACLU. org)   It is ridiculous and unacceptable that the color of a defendant has great influence on  decision who receiving the death penalty.Besides that, the death penalty is also as sociated with gender discrimination. The female victim cases more likely leads defendant to sentence death than the male victim cases. (Marian Williams R, Demuth Stephen and Holcomb Jefferson E. 3) Although the society advocates gender equality, the current justice system clearly violates this principle. Moreover, another debate between female and male is â€Å"female homicide victims may be perceived as engaging in less disreputable or contributing conduct associated with their own victimization compared with male victims. † Marian Williams R, Demuth Stephen and Holcomb Jefferson E. ) Race and gender play significant roles in today’s judicial system instead of laws; it is inevitable that the country abolish the death penalty. The death penalty is a financial burden on the government. Before the defendant is sentenced to death, there are many appears and re-trails. Generally, even the little mistake will raise the outcome. In the article â€Å"Minority Practice, Major ity's Burden: The Death Penalty Today†, there is a static to shows that death cases may spend more money than expected, and the figure could be as high as 78%. (Liebman, James S. ; Clarke, Peter.Page 51 ) Moreover, the death penalty costs a significant more amount of money than keeping criminals life in prison without parole. A research from California says that â€Å"California taxpayers pay at least $117 million each year at the post-conviction level seeking execution of people currently on death row, or $175,000 per inmate per year. † (Minsker Natasha 3) These statics shows how expensive to execute criminals instead of keep them in prison for life. On the other hand, the costs of general prison is $59 million a year, it is much cheap compare with the costs of death penalty.In addition to that, â€Å"everyone involved in a death penalty case must be specially ‘qualified’ as capable and experienced, including the defense attorney, the judge and the jury. † (Minsker Natasha. 7) Which means the government must spend a large amount of money to hire qualified person to inspect every death penalty cases. In fact, a research from federal system reveals that â€Å"prosecution costs were 67 percent higher than defense costs in death penalty cases. The same study found that defense costs in death penalty cases were four times higher than in non-death penalty cases. † (Minsker Natasha. ) The government should use the higher cost of the death penalty money on other programs of public safety. In the novel  All I Can See, there are some literary proof to support that death penalty must be abolished. In brown land, the brown butterfly was sparkly sentenced to death but he was innocence, and the brown land was a death row. When the beautiful fragile butterfly came, and told the brown butterfly the scenery of green land, actually she offers hope, which like reprieve to the brown butterfly, but he refuse to took it because he thought the chance that can be removed from death row is very small. Don’t be silly, flowers can’t be red, all the flowers are blue. I have seen some of my land is green too, but positively flowers can only be blue. † (Bloom. 10) Similarly, the beautiful butterfly’s strong shadow can be seen as convicted crime, so the fish ask her to come down that she can get a reprieve. â€Å"A shadow†¦and that is not good at all†¦You must know, little one, it is not good to break the flow, and especially not by creating strong shadow. † (Bloom. 26) from those two scenarios, it is clear that the capital punishment will threaten innocent people to accept plea bargaining to avoid death.Moreover, the world of green land is flourishing because there is no death penalty, so the beautiful fragile butterfly has the rainbow color bespeckled wings, and the bee also live in the green land. In the contrast, the brown land is a dead land, just the brown butterfly live there and he does not want to leave this land under death penalty pressure. â€Å"Yes, I am from this land, but no, I have not traveled beyond my land, and here I see only me. † The death penalty caused great mental damages to criminals, and leads decay of the society. From the material shown, it is obvious that the death penalty must be abolished.The inhuman execution method is a cruel torture that deprives criminals of their basic human rights. There is no way to reverse existing injustices which have led directly to the death of innocent people, and such mistakes prove that the death penalty must be abolished. Moreover, race bias and gender discrimination still exists today. Furthermore, keeping inmates on death row costs a larger amount of money in government finance, so abolishing the death penalty is the most efficient way to help government to unload this financial burden.In addition to that, from analyzing the book All I Can See, we can clearly see that the pressure the de ath penalty caused innocent people death by analysis the journey of butterfly cross the ocean. In order to preserve the people's human rights and maintain the stability of the country, the death penalty must be abolished. Abolishing the death penalty is the only way to ensure justice and control criminal costs. Citation 1. Bedau. Hugo Adam. â€Å"The Death Penalty in America: Current Controversies. † Oxford University Press 1997. google book search. June 24 2012.June 24, 2012 2. Mukherjee, Amrita. â€Å"The Death Penalty as Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment. † Criminal justice. Journal of Criminal Law, Dec2004, Vol. 68 Issue 6, p507-519, 13p. The ICCPR as a ‘Living Instrument': June 24, 2012 3. Fellner, J, and Tofte, S. â€Å"So long as they die: Lethal injections in the United States. † 2006, 65p.Criminal justice. June 24, 2012 4. Sunstein, Cass R, and Adrian Vermeule. â€Å"Is capital punishment morally required? † Acts, omissions, and lif e-life tradeoffs. †Ã‚  Stanford Law Review  Dec. 2005: 703+. Criminal Justice Collection. Web. 10 July 2012 5. Alarid, Leanne Fiftal, and Wang Hsiao-Ming. â€Å"Mercy and Punishment: Buddhism and the Death Penalty. †Ã‚  Social Justice  28. 1 (2001): 231. Criminal Justice Collection. Web. 10 July 2012. < http://web. ebscohost. com. rlib. pace. edu/ehost/detail? sid=b1ef5f32-9e10-4cae-b8a9-ab941ce370e8%40sessionmgr112&vid=1&hid=125&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#db=cja&AN=5376332 > 6. Berwanger, Michael J. â€Å"Death Is Different: Actual Innocence and Categorical Exclusion Claims Under The Antiterrorism And Effective Death Penalty Act.   New England Journal On Criminal ; Civil Confinement  38. 2 (2012): 307-337. Criminal Justice Abstracts. Web. 10 July 2012. ( http://web. ebscohost. com. rlib. pace. edu/ehost/detail? sid=606d7b0d-5e02-4b278512310e443c2da9%40sessionmgr115;vid=1;hid=127;bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#db=cja;AN=77479856) *h ttp://www. law. umich. edu/special/exoneration/Pages/browse. aspx 7. Newell Richard, et al. â€Å"Racial Discrimination in The Administration Of The Death Penalty: The Experience Of The United States Armed Forces (1984-2005). â€Å"Journal Of Criminal Law ; Criminology  101. (2011): 1227-1335. Criminal Justice Abstracts. Web. 10 July 2012. ( http://web. ebscohost. com. rlib. pace. edu/ehost/detail? sid=80aef264-f53f-4c62-8534-fd4b54d079f8%40sessionmgr112;vid=1;hid=127;bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#db=cja;AN=73365192) 8. Marian Williams R, Demuth Stephen and Holcomb Jefferson E. â€Å"Understanding the Influence of Victim Gender in Death Penalty Cases: The Importance of Victim Race, Sex-Related Victimization, and Jury Decision Making. †Ã‚  Criminology  45. 4 (2007): 865-891. Criminal Justice Abstracts. Web. 10 July 2012.

The news' topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

The news' topic - Essay Example This statement followed Kremlin’s ordering of its combat aircraft around Ukraine to be on high alert (Oliphant par. 4). An eye witness stated that inside parliament were about 60 people who were heavily armed (Oliphant par. 5). Another witness stated that parliament’s door was blockaded using chairs and tables from the inside to the extent that no one could enter the building. So far, no one has been reported to have been injured following the incident. Crimea, unlike other parts of Ukraine, has ethnic Russians forming the majority of the population. The seizure of the capital has come at a time when Ukraine’s new leaders were voicing their concerns over the possible cessation of the region from Ukraine. It has also come at a time when some ethnic Russians living in the region have been calling on Vladimir Putin, the Russian President, to reclaim the territory from Ukraine. The territory had been given to Soviet Ukraine in 1954 by Nikita Khrushchev. Meanwhile, the U.S. has been quick to warn that military intervention by the Russian military against Ukraine will be a gross move. Oliphant, Roland. Ukraine crisis: Russian flag raised in Crimea as gunmen storm parliament. The Telegraph. 27 Feb 2014. Web.

Project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

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B2B and Reseller Markets - Coursework Example Thus, the report provides a view about which business relationship the organisation should develop by taking into concern the theories of business relationship and b2b marketing. Every successful business is established on the basis of solid and progressive relationship with the customers. The origin of business relationship has been traced back to the 19th century and since then the idea of business relationship has changed considerably. Traditionally, b2b market is dependent on encompassing the predominant view of consumer marketing. It was fairly unsophisticated approach, which was subjected towards manipulation of certain marketing variables such as products, price and promotion among others for raising desired rate of returns. The viewpoint of customer relationship was overwhelmingly adversarial and short-term in nature. However, after 1990s, it was appreciated that such aspect does not satisfactorily reflect the intricacies of how b2b market perform. Rather, it was argued that b2b marketing is long-run in nature and involve proper relationship between buyers and sellers to reap mutual advantages (Buttle, 1996). Unlike b2c model, customers in b2b model are basically organisations or companies, which signify that there are few customers for Airslash to serve in its respective market. However, it is worth mentioning that although there are small number of customers, they make large amount of purchases and the purchasing procedure is quite complex in nature. Besides, in comparison with business to consumer (b2c) customers, relationship in b2b customers are quite close in nature. In general, Airslash can develop two types of relationship with its customers namely transactional or cooperative. In this similar context, transactional relationship comprises timely interchange of basic services for extremely competitive prices and cooperative relationship constitutes strong ties established over times with the aim of accomplishing shared

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Classroom management plan - Essay Example Having the appropriate atmosphere for every student to study is the teacher’s main goal of enforcing best classroom management. Without the peaceful environment students will not be able to learn. Discipline Philosophy This season the district has incorporated classroom rules in all of the schools. As an observer during the first two days I learnt a lot that will assist me evaluate my philosophy for the teaching career a head. As a teacher I have placed a lot of emphasis in considering the values and beliefs concerning discipline and personal management style and the social objectives for the students.The objective is to arrange the logistic of the classroom so that the students in the classroom become student-centred instead of becoming teacher-centred. In order to be very organized the structure of the classroom need to vary, which allows change to be done to parts of the plan from one year to another (Elena et al, 2007 P. 64). One of the key rules is to show respect to ever ybody and accommodating their differences. Every student have his or her own way of learning, and creating an appreciation for those differences will be important in building a safe and peaceful classroom community.From the knowledge gained in classroom what as a teacher I view as main components classroom management plan have receive a great influence. I have view the two sides of the spectrum in ways of structure. A classroom was more structured with the structure dominating the classroom and studying was not going on. Another room was complete chaos and the instructor had lost control over his students, and he did not mind to come up with structure to improve their learning. The view of discipline in the classroom entails all of the skills an individual have had in various classroom setting. There must be a clear understanding of the structure by the teacher as well having valid concern entailing the well-being of the students. If a teacher can understand his individual values on classroom structure, he will create a very reliable management plan that he can use. The classroom experience changes the instructors way to the type of rules he chooses for the classroom. For instance, the teacher may think that one of the main rules, which cannot be negotiated, is for every student to be in school on time. The same teacher my later realize how problematic and narrow-minded the idea is when considering various schools. He can learn that such rule should not exist, as he would be putting students, most of whom have no means of controlling their morning arrival due to a guardian driver, at a disadvantage. In addition the teacher needs to be honest like the saying ‘Honest is the policy’. The instructor should become honest and show respect to those that are also honest. He should, therefore, make a classroom community where every student understands that becoming honest is the best (Sprick, 2010 P. 103). Moreover, they should learn that lying is not a me ans for escaping out of a problem of for getting a conflict resolved. Having this skills and expectation, the instructor will move into his classroom understanding the kind of person he his. He will also know how he will use his life experiences to assist him to be a guide for his students’ educational experience. Rules/Reward/Consequences Consequential management is an agreed measure in ensuring that students attain their set objectives. It is a positive measure as it serves to provide the student informed

Problems surrounding Ritalin like parents and teachers wanting to Essay

Problems surrounding Ritalin like parents and teachers wanting to control children with drugs - Essay Example However, not all cases of patients with this disorder are required to take medicine. According to Dr. Fred Baughman, a certified child neurologist, one of the important grounds of actually resorting to pills for kids would be if ADHD is already putting the child’s life at risk (Null, G., n.d.). This relates to the severity of the condition wherein kids’ hyperactivity could put them in dangerous situations, hurt themselves, create unhealthy relationships with people around them and etc. With this said, carelessly judging a kid’s behavior and immediately concluding the need for medication is not beneficial. This is because of the fact that aside from the numerous side effects of which such as difficulty sleeping, dizziness, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, headache, numbness, irregular heartbeat, difficulty breathing, fever, hives, seizures, agitation, motor or verbal tics, depression, slows down growth, promotes weight gain, and could even cause sudden death, especially in children with heart problems, it can also create a culture that is totally dependent on drugs which will defeat the value of perseverance, hard work, and learning in the most natural ways which in turn are the most effective in inculcating different values among people through experience. For parents who might have problems with their kids having lack of focus in school or perhaps are just more active than their peers, it is best to not look at their behavior subjectively, instead, consider whether their behavior is already causing more trouble than turning to drug use which has a lot of risks. This is because of the numerous cases where ADHD is already causing their kids to physically hurt others or themselves, hindering them from getting a full meal resulting in lack of nutrition, or causing them violent reactions when doing the most routinary things such as taking a bath

Industrial Revolution in Modern British History Essay

Industrial Revolution in Modern British History - Essay Example Hence, moving to towns to work in mills and factories was inevitable not forgetting that factory owners built houses for workers making them motivated. Many analysts regard industrial revolution as the most important event in modern British history because, many transformations that brought tremendous effects on social, economic as well as cultural activities of Britons took place during this period. Change in means of agriculture, mineral extraction, manufacturing of goods, means of transport, and technological advancements led to a major turning point of United Kingdom’s history since close to all daily aspects of life transformed in one way or the other. To begin with, due to improved models of attaining relevant targets of work, the average income of most people together with population commenced depicting unprecedented and sustained growth. It was during this time when most masses of ordinary people began exhibiting sustained change in terms of their living standards due to economic growth (Spievogel, 2010:432). Industrial revolution led to vast change of agricultural activities. Before, industrial revolution, farmers in the United Kingdom used to languish in dire poverty, headed solitary and nasty lives. However, their lives changed drastically when industrial revolution brought about use of farm machines such as threshers that led to advent agricultural production. In 1750, Britain became the leading agricultural producing country in the world due to improved technological advancements in agriculture and market and economic integration (Spievogel, 2010:288). With reference to agricultural development that occurred during industrial revolution, analysts consider industrial revolution as vital to most Britons today since those inventions are still useful and reliable up to date. Due to industrial revolution in Britain, scientists developed complex technologies that led to massive production of deadly weapons that British fighters used during the Sec ond World War. In addition, industrial revolution resulted to formation of very great armies equipped with airplanes, submarines, bombs, tanks, guns and many other armaments that Britain industrialist were producing in vast numbers (Foud, 2004:183). Furthermore, Britain was able to conquer more countries since it needed more colonies for extraction of raw materials, slaves, and market for her new manufactured products. Industrial revolution ensured sufficient supply of armaments during the war hence Britain was able to protect its interests due to impacts of advanced technology. Moreover, this epoch time of industrial revolution led Britain to total domination of the seas. This happened due to its strong military force making it possible and easier to gain total control of the oceanic transportation and trading activities. Through ocean trade, she could ferry her manufactured products, such as tea, tobacco, and sugar to different markets that boosted the economy of this country to a different level. Consequently, due to increasing demand for investments, the country’s national banking system ensured adequate supply of capital since it had surplus finances for use in commerce (Foud, 2004:209). Additionally, industrial revolution time in Britain will remain unique since inventions and innovations of all time occurred during this time. John Kay invented the flying shuttle a machine

Strategic perspectives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Strategic perspectives - Essay Example Additionally, the volatile economic conditions in the UK serve as major concerns for achieving consumer loyalties, which are part of the company’s mission. Based on all research findings, it has been recommended that the company utilise more promotion in public relations to expand perceptions of competent and viable corporate social responsibility focus. Additionally, based on consumer behaviour patterns and the economic conditions in the UK, it is further recommended that the company begin launching more private label brands that are aligned with discounted pricing structures. These recommendations will better align the corporate level strategy with the publicised mission of Tesco and sustain higher levels of competitive advantage for the firm. Tesco is a UK-based, multinational supermarket and general merchandise retailing organisation. This retailer giant is currently the second largest retailer, in terms of profitability, just behind Wal-Mart with revenues of  £64.83 billion in 2013 (Tesco 2013). Tesco maintains presence in 12 different countries throughout North America, Europe and Asia. Sustaining a market share of approximately 30 percent in the UK, it is considered the largest supermarket in comparison to its main competitors: Morrison’s, Sainsbury, Waitrose and Asda. This report conducts a strategic analysis of Tesco, inclusive of the external environment impacting operations and strategy with an emphasis on the UK market, the internal environment, an evaluation of its reputation from a public relations perspective, the firm’s existing strategies and a series of strategic recommendations are provided to improve its market and competitive positions. This section describes the relevancy and impact of external market forces, utilising Porter’s Five Forces Model for analysis, as well as the PESTEL framework. Tesco operates in many highly saturated competitive markets